Recombinant Rat AMHR2/MIS RII-Fc Chimera (carrier-free) from BIOLEGEND

Anti-Müllerian Hormone receptor type II (AMHR2) is the receptor for Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH). AMH, also known as Müllerian Inhibiting substance (MIS), belongs to transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) family. AMH activates downstream serine/ threonine kinase activity by recruiting type I and type II receptors. AMH uniquely possesses AMHR2. Upon AMH-AMHR2 binding, AMHR2 is phosphorylated and activates non-ligand binding kinase domain of type I receptor (ALK2, ALK3 and ALK6). This leads to the translocation of SMAD heterodimer to the nucleus and the binding of the heterodimer to transcription factors. The AMH-AMHR2 signal plays a crucial role in sex differentiation during development. AMHR2 mediates the regression of the Müllerian Ducts, a crucial step in male sexual development. The absence or loss of function of AMH or AMHR2 can lead to Persistent Müllerian Duct Syndrome (PMDS), a genetic disorder characterized by the persistence of Müllerian Ducts in males. Rat AMHR2 shares a 95% and 82% amino acid sequence identity with mouse and human homologues respectively. During menopausal onset, the ovary expresses certain levels of AMHR2 that maintain the delicate balance of hormonal signaling necessary for normal ovarian function. However, at postmenopausal stage, the ovarian function and level of AMHR2 decreases substantially.  Overexpression of AMHR2 (Anti-Müllerian Hormone Receptor type 2) has been observed in a majority of epithelial ovarian carcinomas. The presence of AMHR2 overexpression in ovarian carcinomas has implications for potential targeted therapies. In addition, AMH/AMHR2 signaling have been suggested to negatively regulate lung cancer epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and chemo-resistance, thus potentially slowing down the progression and spread of lung cancer.